diff --git a/listener/tun/device/fdbased/open_linux.go b/listener/tun/device/fdbased/open_linux.go
index c19b1491..0df81ff3 100644
--- a/listener/tun/device/fdbased/open_linux.go
+++ b/listener/tun/device/fdbased/open_linux.go
@@ -1,12 +1,7 @@
 package fdbased
 
 import (
-	"fmt"
-
 	"github.com/Dreamacro/clash/listener/tun/device"
-
-	"gvisor.dev/gvisor/pkg/tcpip/link/fdbased"
-	"gvisor.dev/gvisor/pkg/tcpip/link/rawfile"
 )
 
 func open(fd int, mtu uint32) (device.Device, error) {
@@ -16,17 +11,7 @@ func open(fd int, mtu uint32) (device.Device, error) {
 }
 
 func (f *FD) useEndpoint() error {
-	ep, err := fdbased.New(&fdbased.Options{
-		FDs: []int{f.fd},
-		MTU: f.mtu,
-		// TUN only, ignore ethernet header.
-		EthernetHeader: false,
-	})
-	if err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("create endpoint: %w", err)
-	}
-	f.LinkEndpoint = ep
-	return nil
+	return f.newLinuxEp()
 }
 
 func (f *FD) useIOBased() error {
@@ -34,23 +19,9 @@ func (f *FD) useIOBased() error {
 }
 
 func (f *FD) Read(packet []byte) (int, error) {
-	n, gvErr := rawfile.BlockingRead(f.fd, packet)
-	if gvErr != nil {
-		return 0, fmt.Errorf("read error: %s", gvErr.String())
-	}
-
-	return n, nil
+	return f.read(packet)
 }
 
 func (f *FD) Write(packet []byte) (int, error) {
-	n := len(packet)
-	if n == 0 {
-		return 0, nil
-	}
-
-	gvErr := rawfile.NonBlockingWrite(f.fd, packet)
-	if gvErr != nil {
-		return 0, fmt.Errorf("write error: %s", gvErr.String())
-	}
-	return n, nil
+	return f.write(packet)
 }
diff --git a/listener/tun/device/fdbased/open_linux_gvisor.go b/listener/tun/device/fdbased/open_linux_gvisor.go
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..dc250692
--- /dev/null
+++ b/listener/tun/device/fdbased/open_linux_gvisor.go
@@ -0,0 +1,45 @@
+//go:build !no_gvisor && (linux || android)
+
+package fdbased
+
+import (
+	"fmt"
+	"gvisor.dev/gvisor/pkg/tcpip/link/fdbased"
+	"gvisor.dev/gvisor/pkg/tcpip/link/rawfile"
+)
+
+func (f *FD) newLinuxEp() error {
+	ep, err := fdbased.New(&fdbased.Options{
+		FDs: []int{f.fd},
+		MTU: f.mtu,
+		// TUN only, ignore ethernet header.
+		EthernetHeader: false,
+	})
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("create endpoint: %w", err)
+	}
+	f.LinkEndpoint = ep
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (f *FD) read(packet []byte) (int, error) {
+	n, gvErr := rawfile.BlockingRead(f.fd, packet)
+	if gvErr != nil {
+		return 0, fmt.Errorf("read error: %s", gvErr.String())
+	}
+
+	return n, nil
+}
+
+func (f *FD) write(packet []byte) (int, error) {
+	n := len(packet)
+	if n == 0 {
+		return 0, nil
+	}
+
+	gvErr := rawfile.NonBlockingWrite(f.fd, packet)
+	if gvErr != nil {
+		return 0, fmt.Errorf("write error: %s", gvErr.String())
+	}
+	return n, nil
+}
diff --git a/listener/tun/device/fdbased/open_linux_no_gvisor.go b/listener/tun/device/fdbased/open_linux_no_gvisor.go
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..ec76d991
--- /dev/null
+++ b/listener/tun/device/fdbased/open_linux_no_gvisor.go
@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+//go:build no_gvisor
+
+package fdbased
+
+import (
+	"fmt"
+)
+
+func (f *FD) newLinuxEp() error {
+	return fmt.Errorf("unsupported gvisor on the build")
+}
+
+func (f *FD) read(packet []byte) (int, error) {
+	return 0, fmt.Errorf("unsupported gvisor on the build")
+}
+
+func (f *FD) write(packet []byte) (int, error) {
+	return 0, fmt.Errorf("unsupported gvisor on the build")
+}
diff --git a/listener/tun/device/fdbased/open_others.go b/listener/tun/device/fdbased/open_others.go
index a4d4687a..e5c98276 100644
--- a/listener/tun/device/fdbased/open_others.go
+++ b/listener/tun/device/fdbased/open_others.go
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ func open(fd int, mtu uint32) (device.Device, error) {
 }
 
 func (f *FD) useEndpoint() error {
-	return newEp(f)
+	return f.newEpOther()
 }
 
 func (f *FD) useIOBased() error {
diff --git a/listener/tun/device/fdbased/open_others_gvisor.go b/listener/tun/device/fdbased/open_others_gvisor.go
index 7f7249eb..9cb00511 100644
--- a/listener/tun/device/fdbased/open_others_gvisor.go
+++ b/listener/tun/device/fdbased/open_others_gvisor.go
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ import (
 	"github.com/Dreamacro/clash/listener/tun/device/iobased"
 )
 
-func newEp(f *FD) error {
+func (f *FD) newEpOther() error {
 	ep, err := iobased.New(os.NewFile(uintptr(f.fd), f.Name()), f.mtu, 0)
 	if err != nil {
 		return fmt.Errorf("create endpoint: %w", err)
diff --git a/listener/tun/device/fdbased/open_others_no_gvisor.go b/listener/tun/device/fdbased/open_others_no_gvisor.go
index 559881b4..ed616f76 100644
--- a/listener/tun/device/fdbased/open_others_no_gvisor.go
+++ b/listener/tun/device/fdbased/open_others_no_gvisor.go
@@ -6,6 +6,6 @@ import (
 	"fmt"
 )
 
-func newEp(f *FD) error {
+func (f *FD) newEpOther() error {
 	return fmt.Errorf("unsupported gvisor on the build")
 }